This is the GK ebook which contains those key points which never expires. This is last year’s file. I find it on scribd so I am sharing it with you. You shall click on the title of the file to download it directly from SCRIBD.
General Knowlwdge
Friday, December 18, 2009
Monday, December 14, 2009
a LUK aT THE GOVT ScHEMES
Micro Legal Literacy Scheme : Orissa
| Particulars | Description |
|---|---|
| Name of the Scheme | Micro Legal Literacy Scheme |
| Sponsored by | State Government |
| Funding Pattern | The funding pattern is managed by the State Government of Orissa. |
| Ministry/Department | Law |
| Description | Micro Legal Literacy scheme is an initiative of Orissa State Legal Service Authority. Under this scheme one team have been built for the effective result. They are 1. A Judicial Officer, optional, 2. Two panel lawyers, preferably one from A panel and another from B panel, 3. One lawyer from the area where the micro legal literacy camp is being organized. 4. Councilor or the ward member of the area, 5. Social workers 6. Educationalist. Under this scheme, different camps are arranged to give proper information to the targeted people. This camps have been arranged in different places, they are, Jails, Hospitals, Melas, Festival places, Religious places, Schools, Colleges, Labour colonies, Market places, Pilgrim places and tourist spot. Hutments and slums. A minimum of 4 micro legal literacy camps shall be conducted in a month. A sum of Rs.2000 may be permitted to be spend by each team for conducting one camp. |
| Beneficiaries | Individual,Women,Children, |
| Benefits | |
| Eligibility criteria | Children, Women, Labourers, Remand prisoners or convicts, patients etc. are eligible for this scheme. |
| How to Avail | To avail this scheme, one can contact to the District Authorities or Taluk Legal Services Committees, concerned Department. |
| Validity of the Scheme | |
| Introduced On | 01 / 01 / 2008 |
| Valid Upto | 01 / 01 / 2011 |
| Reference URL | http://www.oslsa.in/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=55&Itemid=57 |
Sunday, December 13, 2009
NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF RURAL DEVELOPMENT (NIRD)
NIRD is governed by a General Council headed by the Union Minister for Rural Development. An eleven-member Executive Council oversees the implementation of policies. The Academic Committee helps in planning the training and research programs. The Director General is the Chief Executive and heads the management team.
NIRD Mission
To examine and analyse the factors contributing to the improvement of economic and social well-being of people in rural areas on a sustainable basis with focus on the rural poor and the other disadvantaged groups through research, action research and consultancy efforts.
To facilitate the rural development efforts with particular emphasis and focus on the rural poor by improving the knowledge,skills and attitudes of rural development officials and non-officials through organising training, workshops and seminars.
NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF RURAL DEVELOPMENT (NIRD)
NIRD is governed by a General Council headed by the Union Minister for Rural Development. An eleven-member Executive Council oversees the implementation of policies. The Academic Committee helps in planning the training and research programs. The Director General is the Chief Executive and heads the management team.
NIRD Mission
To examine and analyse the factors contributing to the improvement of economic and social well-being of people in rural areas on a sustainable basis with focus on the rural poor and the other disadvantaged groups through research, action research and consultancy efforts.
To facilitate the rural development efforts with particular emphasis and focus on the rural poor by improving the knowledge,skills and attitudes of rural development officials and non-officials through organising training, workshops and seminars.
Books written by Pranab Mukherjee
(i) Midterm Poll –1969
(ii) Beyond Survival: Emerging Dimensions of Indian Economy – 1984
(iii) Off the Track –1987
(iv) Saga of Struggle and Sacrifice –1992
(v) Challenges Before the Nation (on Indian National Congress)- 1992.
(ii) Beyond Survival: Emerging Dimensions of Indian Economy – 1984
(iii) Off the Track –1987
(iv) Saga of Struggle and Sacrifice –1992
(v) Challenges Before the Nation (on Indian National Congress)- 1992.
Saturday, December 12, 2009
Yeh GST Kya Hai?
The implementation of goods and services tax (GST) from next financial year will result in the reduction of tax burden for the industrial sector and make it more competitive, a senior official said today.
“The tax burden on industry will come down, which accounts for 25 per cent of gross domestic product (GDP) but accounts for 60 per cent of fiscal income. The burden will now be reduced and the industry will become competitive,” V S Krishnan, commissioner (appeals), central excise and service tax, Pune.
However, he said, the situation will be different with services sector. People are arguing for a higher threshold limit for services, which is about Rs 10 lakh now.
The GST regime will help to reduce the incidence of taxation on capital goods which still carries taxes that are are not subject to Cenvat, octroi, SAD and CVD on imported goods, he said addressing a interactive session on ‘First Discussion Paper on GST’, organised by the Bangalore Chamber of Industry and Commerce (BCIC), here.
“This is a major reform. The cost of capital goods in the country will fall and it will give a fillip to industry and trade. The cost of capital goods will fall and industry’s modernisation efforts with regards to power, infrastructure among others will benefit,” Krishnan said.
Stating that the introduction of GST is without doubt the most important tax reform legislation in post-Independent India, he said, “This is a game changer and it’s going to have tremendous impact on India’s competitiveness. Our country will become one common market like the US and Europe.”
The first discussion paper gives a clear signal the Centre will implement GST system between April 1, 2010 and April 1, 2011. It may coincide with the Commonwealth Games being held in New Delhi in October 2010, he stated.
The GST system is being introduced as it will reduce interstate trade barriers and create a common market and secondly, it will redress imbalance in taxation between industry and service sectors. Presently, incidence of taxation is 16.5 per cent on goods. This may come down to about 16 per cent. But services sector, which is presently taxed at 10 per cent may witness rise in taxation to 16 per cent with both the states and center taxing at 8 per cent each, Krishnan said.
GST introduction will also see expansion of taxable base in two ways. On the manufacturing side, today excise duty is only charged on goods, which are manufactured.
“The tax burden on industry will come down, which accounts for 25 per cent of gross domestic product (GDP) but accounts for 60 per cent of fiscal income. The burden will now be reduced and the industry will become competitive,” V S Krishnan, commissioner (appeals), central excise and service tax, Pune.
However, he said, the situation will be different with services sector. People are arguing for a higher threshold limit for services, which is about Rs 10 lakh now.
The GST regime will help to reduce the incidence of taxation on capital goods which still carries taxes that are are not subject to Cenvat, octroi, SAD and CVD on imported goods, he said addressing a interactive session on ‘First Discussion Paper on GST’, organised by the Bangalore Chamber of Industry and Commerce (BCIC), here.
“This is a major reform. The cost of capital goods in the country will fall and it will give a fillip to industry and trade. The cost of capital goods will fall and industry’s modernisation efforts with regards to power, infrastructure among others will benefit,” Krishnan said.
Stating that the introduction of GST is without doubt the most important tax reform legislation in post-Independent India, he said, “This is a game changer and it’s going to have tremendous impact on India’s competitiveness. Our country will become one common market like the US and Europe.”
The first discussion paper gives a clear signal the Centre will implement GST system between April 1, 2010 and April 1, 2011. It may coincide with the Commonwealth Games being held in New Delhi in October 2010, he stated.
The GST system is being introduced as it will reduce interstate trade barriers and create a common market and secondly, it will redress imbalance in taxation between industry and service sectors. Presently, incidence of taxation is 16.5 per cent on goods. This may come down to about 16 per cent. But services sector, which is presently taxed at 10 per cent may witness rise in taxation to 16 per cent with both the states and center taxing at 8 per cent each, Krishnan said.
GST introduction will also see expansion of taxable base in two ways. On the manufacturing side, today excise duty is only charged on goods, which are manufactured.
Therefore, it does not capture all value addition in manufacturing. Only that value addition is taxed, which amounts to manufacture because of the constitutional provisioning. Rethreading of tires, galvanising and repairs are not taxed. There is going to be vast range of value addition. So basically all economic activities will be taxed in the new tax regime, he pointed out.
Source--http://www.business-standard.com/india/news/gst-to-reduce-tax-burdenindustrial-sector/378586/
Tuesday, December 8, 2009
dOSE (HINDUISM)
- Yakshagana is a dance drama from coastal Karnataka, India. It is believed to have evolved from pre-classical music and theatre. Yakshagana is popular in the districts of Uttara Kannada, Udupi, Dakshina Kannada and Kasaragod district of Kerala.Yakshagana poetry (Yakshagana Padya or Yakshagana Prasanga) is a collection of poems written to form a music drama called Yakshagana.
- Yaksha is the name of a broad class of nature-spirits, usually benevolent, who are caretakers of the natural treasures hidden in the earth and tree roots. They appear in Hindu, Jain and Buddhist mythology.The feminine form of the word is yakṣī or yakṣiṇī (Pāli: yakkhī or yakkhinī.
- In Kālidāsa's poem Meghadūta, for instance, the yakṣa narrator is a romantic figure, pining with love for his missing beloved. By contrast, in the didactic Hindu dialogue of the Yakṣapraśnāḥ ("questions of the Yakṣa"), a dangerous cannibalistic Yakṣa, the tutelary spirit of a lake, threatens the life of the epic hero Yudhiṣṭhira.
- According to the Ramayana, Rakshasas were created from Brahma's foot; other sources claim they are descended from Pulastya, or from Khasa, or from Nirriti and Nirrita.
- Pulastya was one of the ten Prajapatis or mind-born sons of Brahma , and one of the Saptarishis (Seven Great Sages Rishi) in the first Manvantara.
- In Hinduism, Prajapati is a Hindu deity presiding over procreation, and protector of life. He appears as a creator deity or supreme god viswakarma above the other Vedic deities in RV 10 and in Brahmana literature. Vedic commentators also identify him with the creator referred to in the Nasadiya Sukta.
- Vishvakarma is the Hindu presiding deity of all craftsmen and architects. He is the "Principal Universal Architect", the architect who fabricated and designe the divine architecture of the Universe , the Lord of Creation.
- Purusha sukta/sookta (puruṣa sūkta) is hymn 10.90 of the Rigveda, dedicated to the Purusha, the "Cosmic Being".
- The Rigveda (Sanskrit: ऋग्वेद ) is an ancient Indian sacred collection of Vedic Sanskrit hymns. It is counted among the four canonical sacred texts (śruti) of Hinduism known as the Vedas.
- Śruti, is a term that describes the sacred texts comprising the central canon of Hinduism and is one of the three main sources of dharma and therefore is also influential within Hindu Law.
dOSE - INDIAN NATIONAL FLAG
- The Calcutta Flag was one of the first unofficial flags of India. It was designed by Schindra Prasad Bose and unfurled on August 7, 1906 at Parsi Bagan Square (Greer Park), Calcutta. The flag had three horizontal bands of equal width with the top being orange, the centre yellow and the bottom green in colour. It had eight half-opened lotus flowers on the top stripe and a picture of the sun and a crescent moon on the bottom stripe. वन्दे मातरम् Vande Mataram was inscribed in the centre in Sanskrit.
- The National Flag of India was adopted in its present form during an ad hoc meeting of the Constituent Assembly held on the 22 July 1947, twenty-four days before India's independence from the British on 15 August 1947.
- The national flag, adopted in 1947, is based on the flag of the Indian National Congress, designed by Pingali Venkayya.
- The flag is a horizontal tricolour of "deep saffron" at the top, white in the middle, and green at the bottom. In the centre, there is a navy blue wheel with twenty-four spokes, known as the Ashoka Chakra, taken from the Lion Capital of Asoka erected atop Ashoka pillar at Sarnath. The diameter of this Chakra is three-fourths of the height of the white strip. The ratio of the width of the flag to its length is 2:3. The flag is also the Indian Army's war flag, hoisted daily on military installations.
- The official flag specifications require that the flag be made only of khadi.
- Indian law says that the flag must at all times be treated with "dignity, loyalty and respect". The "Flag Code of India – 2002", which superseded "The Emblems and Names (Prevention of Improper Use) Act, 1950", governs the display and usage of the flag.
- There are a number of traditional rules of respect that should be observed when handling or displaying the flag. When out in the open, the flag should always be hoisted at sunrise and lowered at sunset, irrespective of the weather conditions. The flag may be also flown on a public building at night under special circumstances.
- The flag should never be depicted, displayed or flown upside down. Tradition also states that when draped vertically, the flag should not merely be rotated through 90 degrees, but also reversed. One "reads" a flag like the pages of a book, from top to bottom and from left to right, and after rotation the results should be the same.
- With other countries-----When the flag is displayed on crossed poles, the Indian flag's pole should be in front and the flag to the right (observers' left) of the other flag. When the United Nations flag is flown along with the Indian flag, it can be displayed on either side of it. The general practice is to fly the flag on the extreme right with reference to the direction which it is facing.
- When the flag is displayed with other flags that are not national flags, such as corporate flags and advertising banners, the rules state that if the flags are on separate staffs, the flag of India should be in the middle, or the furthest left from the viewpoint of the onlookers, or at least one flag's breadth higher than the other flags in the group. Its flagpole must be in front of the other poles in the group, but if they are on the same staff, it must be the uppermost flag. If the flag is carried in procession with other flags, it must be at the head of the marching procession, or if carried with a row of flags in line abreast, it must be carried to the marching right of the procession
Wednesday, December 2, 2009
dOSE (mISCELLANEOUS)
- Transport Corporation of India (TCI), a logistics solutions provider firm embraces the philosophy of making life better for all. In a CSR initiative to seek the arrest of spread of HIV/AIDS and Sexually Transmitted Infections (STI) in the Indian trucking community, TCI Foundation, the social arm of TCI is implementing a comprehensive nationwide HIV/AIDS prevention program for long distance truck drivers, called “Project Kavach”. This project is part of the ‘Avahan India’ a nationwide HIV/AIDS Prevention initiative funded by the Bill and Melinda Gates foundation.
- Project Kaisei ("ocean planet" in Japanese) is a scientific and commercial mission to study and cleanup the Great Pacific Garbage Patch, a large body of floating debris trapped in the Pacific Ocean by the currents of the North Pacific Gyre.First discovered by Charles J. Moore in 1997, the patch is estimated to contain 20 times the density of floating debris compared to the global average.
- The National Highways Development Project is a project to upgrade, rehabilitate and widen major highways in India to a higher standard. The project was implemented in 1998. "National Highways" account for only about 2% of the total length of roads, but carry about 40% of the total traffic across the length and breadth of the country. This project is managed by the National Highways Authority of India under the Ministry of Road, Transport and Highways. The NHAI has implemented US$ 71 billion for this project, as of 2006.
- The objective of the Fifth Power System Development Project for India is to strengthen India's electricity transmission system in order to increase reliable power exchange between regions and states. The project will consist of one component, namely regional transmission schemes for strengthening of Western, Northern and Southern region transmission systems, and the interregional power exchange for the national grid. Indeed, the first three schemes are being constructed to meet the demand in the..
- The India Infrastructure Finance Company Limited is an apex organization established on 5th January, 2006 under the Companies Act 1956, with the objective of financing major infrastructural projects of India that require huge investments. India Infrastructure Finance Company Limited (IIFCL), is a public limited company, owned and controlled by the government of India.
Tuesday, December 1, 2009
Quiz Questions
wikipedia
a social activist. Who is being talking about?[hide]
ANSWER 1: Nafisa Ali
QUESTION 2: Which Indian was considered the "father of surgery?"[hide]
ANSWER 2: Sushruta
QUESTION 3: During the British rule of India there were a number of princely families. The
grandson of one of these Princes is now a popular Bollywood actor. Name the Prince in question
(the actor's grandfather).[hide]
ANSWER 3: Iftikhar Ali Khan Pataudi
QUESTION 4: Which India city got its name because of the presence of a large number of banyan
trees in that area?[hide]
ANSWER 4: Vadodara
QUESTION 5: This person paid the highest individual income tax in the mid 1990's — apart from
also featuring in advertisements that exhorted people to pay income taxes. Who?[hide]
ANSWER 5: Mithun Chakraborty
QUESTION 6: Which character, according to the Hindu mythology is said to have offered
herself/himself as food to a lion in order to prevent it from attacking a cow?[hide]
ANSWER 6: Dileepa, ancestor of Rama, as recounted in Kalidasa's Raghuvamsa.
QUESTION 7: Which district can claim to have produced the maximum number of Bharat Ratnas,
how many of them and who are they?[hide]
ANSWER 7: Ratnagiri District, with the following awardees :
Dhondo Keshav Karve
Pandurang Vaman Kane
B. R. Ambedkar
QUESTION 8: Which Indian politician was acting PM twice but never became the a Prime Minister?[hide]
ANSWER 8: Gulzarilal Nanda
QUESTION 9: How many Indians have won the Junior Singles' Event at Wimbledon? Name them.[hide]
ANSWER 9: Three Indians: Ramanathan Krishnan in 1954, his son Ramesh Krishnan in 1979, and Leander Paes in 1990
QUESTION 10: What connects M. S. Swaminathan, Verghese Kurien and Raja Ramanna,
the men behind the green, white and nuclear revolutions of India?[hide]
ANSWER 10: All three of them have won Padma Shri, Padma Vibhushan and Padma Bhushan awards.
QUESTION 11: A famous Indian personality was misplaced accidentally by the hospital staff when
he was born. This was found by his uncle because he had noticed a deformity in the baby on the first day.
Name this famous person whose life would have been different but for his uncle.
[hide]
ANSWER 11: Sunil Gavaskar
QUESTION 12: Name the Indian athlete who lost a medal in an Olympic event by 100th of a second?[hide]
ANSWER 12: Pilavullakandi Thekkeparambil Usha (P.T. Usha), in the 1984 Los Angeles Olympics.
QUESTION 13: Who was the first Non-Congress Chief Minister of Uttar Pradesh, and what party
did he represent?[hide]
ANSWER 13: Choudhary Charan Singh, Bharatiya Lok Dal in 1967
QUESTION 14: When was the practice of pre-censoring movies introduced in India and by which
act?[hide]
ANSWER 14: In 1918, with the cinematograph act.
QUESTION 15: He is supposed to be a prophet who migrated to Kashmir around 2000 years ago
and is believed to be the fifth advent of Buddha in some accounts. Who is being talking about?[hide]
ANSWER 15: Yuz Asaf
QUESTION 16: Which university is regarded (at least by some) to be the oldest in the world?[hide]
ANSWER 16: Takshashila
QUESTION 17: When the Babri Mosque was demolished in 1992, the Government of India asked the
Rajputana Rifles to go to Ayodhya and control the situation there. For the first time in history, a regiment refused to follow the government order citing a very strange but valid reason. What was the reason given by Rajputana Rifles for not obeying government's order?[hide]
ANSWER 17: Their battle cry was "Raja Ram Chandra ki Jai", that is, "Victory to Lord Rama. Their presence could have been perceived as favouring a community.
QUESTION 18: Who can be regarded as India's first rap singer and what is the song?[hide]
ANSWER 18: Ashok Kumar's Railgadi
QUESTION 19: Who is the most famous child of Prakash and Prem Peshawaria?[hide]
ANSWER 19: Kiran Bedi
QUESTION 20: P.T.Usha is probably most famous for losing out an Olympic track and field
Gold medal by a whisker in 1984. Lesser known is the fact that two other athletes from Kerala had also competed in the finals of a track and field event in the same Olympics. Who all?[hide]
ANSWER 20: 4X400m women's relay - M. D. Valsamma and Shiny Abraham (now Wilson) were the two other athletes from Kerala in the team. Vandana Rao, a non-Keralite completes the quartet.
QUESTION 21: Which film comedian is widely regarded as the first film comedian to receive the
Padma Shri from the Government of India? Also mention the year.[hide]
ANSWER 21: Relangi Venkata Ramaiah
QUESTION 22: Link the following.
Lenovo
Airtel
Cole Porter
and the words Cash Mountain
[hide]
ANSWER 22: The link is Kaun Banega Crorepati. Lenovo is the sponsor for the famous "Computerji" on the Indian version. Airtel is also a sponsor for KBC2. Cole porter wrote a song with that title. A proposal that became the TV show with that title was originally called Cash Mountain
QUESTION 23: Although mute, this resident of Kolkata received visitors from across India, and
around the world. At the time of his death within the last five years he was one of the oldest residents of Kolkata. What was his name?[hide]
ANSWER 23: Adwaita: An Aldabra Seychelles tortoise of Kolkotta (255 yrs old).
QUESTION 24: Connect Anthony Gonsalvez, Anand Babu, and Subbiah Rajarathinam.[hide]
ANSWER 24: Amar Kabaddi. Anthony Gonsalves was a character in Amar Akbar Anthony, Anand Babu in Amar Prem. Subbiah Rajarathinam plays Kabbadi, which has the three forms Surjeevani, Gaminee and Amar.
QUESTION 25: At what location is it said that Lord Vishnu made an offering to Lord Siva of an eye?[hide]
ANSWER 25: Kashi
DOSE (IMPORTANT EVENTS DURING WORLD WAR 1)
- The 1916 Battle of the Somme was one of the largest battles of the First World War, with more than one million casualties, and also one of the bloodiest battles in human history. The Allied forces attempted to break through the German lines along a 25-mile (40 km) front north and south of the River Somme in northern France. One purpose of the battle was to draw German forces away from the Battle of Verdun; however, by its end the losses on the Somme had exceeded those at Verdun. While Verdun would bite deep in the national consciousness of France for generations, the Somme would have the same effect on generations of Britons. The battle is best remembered for its first day, 1 July 1916, on which the British suffered 57,470 casualties, including 19,240 dead — the bloodiest day in the history of the British Army to this day.
- The Battle of Verdun, fought from 21 February to 19 December 1916 around the city of Verdun-sur-Meuse in northeast France, was one of the most important battles in World War I on the Western Front. The battle was fought between the German and French armies.
- The Treaty of Versailles (1919) was the peace treaty which officially ended World War I between the Allied and Central Powers and the German Empire. After six months of negotiations, which took place at the Paris Peace Conference, the treaty was signed as a follow-up to the armistice signed in November 11th, 1918 in the Compiègne Forest (which had put an end to the actual fighting). Although there were many provisions in the treaty, one of the more important and recognized provisions required Germany to accept full responsibility for causing the war and, under the terms of articles 231-247, make reparations to certain countries that had formed the Allies.
- The Brusilov Offensive was the greatest Russian feat of arms during World War I, and among the most lethal battles in world history. It was a major offensive against the armies of the Central Powers on the Eastern Front, launched on June 4, 1916 and lasting until early August. It took place in what today is Ukraine, in the general vicinity of the towns of Lemberg, Kovel, and Lutsk. The offensive was named after the Russian commander in charge of the Southwestern Front, Aleksei Brusilov.
- The Battle of Tannenberg in 1914 was a decisive engagement between the Russian Empire and the German Empire in the first days of The Great War, fought by the Russian First and Second Armies and the German Eighth Army between August 17 and September 2, 1914. The battle resulted in the almost complete destruction of the Russian Second Army.
- The Battle of Arras was an offensive during World War I by forces of the British Empire between 9 April and 16 May 1917. British, Canadian, and Australian troops attacked German trenches near the French city of Arras.
- The Armenian Genocide — also known as the Armenian Holocaust, "Great Calamity" (Մեծ Եղեռն) or the Armenian Massacre — refers to the forced mass evacuation and related deaths of hundreds of thousands to over a million Armenians, during the government of the Young Turks from 1915 to 1917 in the Ottoman Empire.
- The Battle of Jutland (Battle of the Skagerrak); was the largest naval battle of World War I, and the only full-scale clash of battleships in that war.
- The First Battle of the Marne (also known as the Miracle of the Marne) was a World War I battle fought from September 5 to September 12, 1914. It was a Franco-British victory against the German army under German Chief of Staff Helmuth von Moltke the Younger.
- The Battle of Gallipoli (sometimes referred to as the first D-Day) took place on the Turkish peninsula of Gallipoli from April 1915 to January 1916 during the First World War. A joint British and French operation was mounted in order to eventually capture the Ottoman capital of Constantinople (now Istanbul). The attempt failed, with heavy casualties on both sides.
Monday, November 30, 2009
DOSE (LITERATURE)
- The Village By The Sea (1982) is a novel written by the popular Indian American writer Anita Desai. It is based on the poverty, hardships and sorrow faced by a small rural community in India.The novel was the basis for the 1991 television series of the same name starring Saeed Jaffrey.It was screened on BBC 1 on Sunday afternoons.
- Anita Mazumdar Desai is an Indian novelist and Emeritus John E. Burchard Professor of Humanities at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. She has been shortlisted for the Booker prize three times. Her daughter, the author Kiran Desai, won the 2006 Booker prize.
- Kiran Desai is an Indian author who is a citizen of India and a permanent resident of the United States. Her novel The Inheritance of Loss won the 2006 Man Booker Prize and the National Book Critics Circle Fiction Award. She is the daughter of the noted author Anita Desai.
- Sir Ahmed Salman Rushdie (born 19 June 1947) is a British Indian novelist and essayist. He achieved notability with his second novel, Midnight's Children (1981), which won the Booker Prize in 1981. His fourth novel, The Satanic Verses (1988), was the center of The Satanic Verses controversy, with protests from Muslims in several countries. Some of the protests were violent, with Rushdie facing death threats and a fatwā issued by Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini, the Supreme Leader of Iran, in February 1989.
- After Midnight's Children, Rushdie wrote Shame (1983), in which he depicts the political turmoil in Pakistan, basing his characters on Zulfikar Ali Bhutto and General Muhammad Zia-ul-Haq. Shame won France's Prix du Meilleur Livre Étranger (Best Foreign Book) and was a close runner-up for the Booker Prize.
DOSE (BENGAL REFORMERS AND LITERATURE)
- Raja Ram Mohan Roy was a founder (with Dwarkanath Tagore and other Bengali Brahmins) of the Brahma Sabha in 1828 which engendered the Brahmo Samaj, an influential Indian socio-religious reform movement. His influence was apparent in the fields of politics, public administration and education as well as religion. He is best known for his efforts to abolish the practice of sati, the Hindu funeral practice in which the widow was compelled to sacrifice herself on her husband’s funeral pyre. It was he who first introduced the word "Hinduism" into the English language in 1816. For his diverse contributions to society, Raja Ram Mohan Roy is regarded as one of the most important figures in the Bengal Renaissance. His efforts to protect Hinduism and Indian rights by participating in British government earned him the title “The Father of the Bengal Renaissance” or “The Father of the Indian Nation.”
- Dwarkanath Tagore (1794-1846), was one of the earliest entrepreneurs from India, and founder of the Jorasanko branch of the Tagore family, and is notable for making substantial contributions to the Bengal Renaissance.
- Debendranath Tagore (Debendronath Ţhakur) was the founder in 1848 of the Brahmo Religion which today is synonymous with Brahmoism the youngest religion of India and Bangladesh.
- Satyendranath Tagore was the first Indian to join the Indian Civil Service. He was an author, song composer, linguist and made significant contribution towards the emancipation of women in Indian society during the British Raj.
- Rabindranath Tagore sobriquet Gurudev was a Bengali polymath. As a poet, novelist, musician, and playwright, he reshaped Bengali literature and music in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. As author of Gitanjali and its "profoundly sensitive, fresh and beautiful verse", he won the 1913 Nobel Prize in Literature
- Tagore penned the anthems of Bangladesh and India: Amar Shonar Bangla and Jana Gana Mana.
- Michael Madhusudan Dutt (Datta), born Madhusudan Dutt, is a famous 19th century Bengali poet and dramatist. He was a pioneer of Bengali drama. His famous work Meghnadh Badh Kabya (Bengali: মেঘনাদবধ কাব্য), is a tragic epic. It consists of nine cantos and is quite exceptional in Bengali literature both in terms of style and content. He also wrote poems about the sorrows and afflictions of love as spoken by women.
- Bankim Chandra Chatterjee was a Bengali poet, novelist, essayist and journalist, most famous as the author of Vande Mataram or Bande Mataram, that inspired the freedom fighters of India, and was later declared the National Song of India.Kapalkundala (1866) is Chatterjee's first major publication.
- Ishwar Chandra Vidyasagar , was a Bengali polymath and a key figure of the Bengal RenaissanceVidyasagar reconstructed the Bengali alphabet and reformed Bengali typography into an alphabet (actually abugida) of twelve vowels and forty consonants.
Vidyasagar contributed significantly to Bengali and Sanskrit literature. - Vidyasagar was one of the first persons in India to realize that modern science was the key to India's future. He translated into Bengali the English biographies of some outstanding scientists like Copernicus, Newton, and Herschel. He sought to inculcate a spirit of scientific inquiry into young Bengalis. A staunch anti-Berkeleyan, he emphasized the importance of studying European Empiricist philosophy (of Francis Bacon) and the inductive logic of John Stuart Mill.
Dose
- Saharanpur is internationally famous for its wood carving work cottage industry. It is a thriving market of local agricultural produce, including basmati rice and mangoes. A variety of agro-based industrial enterprises - such as textiles, sugar, paper and cigarette factories - are located in it.
- A municipal corporation is the legal term for a local governing body, including (but not necessarily limited to) cities, counties, towns, townships, charter townships, villages, and boroughs. Municipal incorporation occurs when such municipalities become self-governing entities under the laws of the state or province in which they are located. Often, this event is marked by the award or declaration of a municipal charter.
- The International Mobile Equipment Identity or IMEI (pronounced /aɪˈmiː/) is a number unique to every GSM and WCDMA and iDEN mobile phone, as well as some satellite phones.
- GSM (Global System for Mobile communications: originally from Groupe Spécial Mobile) is the most popular standard for mobile phones in the world. Its promoter, the GSM Association, estimates that 80% of the global mobile market uses the standard.
- Subscriber Identity Module or SIM Card
- Invention by Lee De Forest of the triode.
- Analogue electronics (or analog in American English) are those electronic systems with a continuously variable signal. In contrast, in digital electronics signals usually take only two different levels. The term "analogue" describes the proportional relationship between a signal and a voltage or current that represents the signal.
- Digital electronics are systems that represent signals as discrete levels, rather than as a continuous range.
- electric potential (also called the "electrostatic potential") is potential energy divided by charge that is associated with a static (time-invariant) electric field. It is a scalar quantity, typically measured in volts.
- Potential energy is energy stored within a physical system as a result of the position or configuration of the different parts of that system. It is called potential energy because it has the potential to be converted into other forms of energy, such as kinetic energy, and to do work in the process. The SI unit of measure for energy (including potential energy) and work is the joule (symbol J).
Daily Dose (Miscellaneous)
- James Bowthorpe ventured out on his 18,000-mile bike ride through 20 countries, the cabinet-maker from south London is set to become the fastest man to cycle round the globe.
- The Right to Information act is a law enacted by the Parliament of India giving citizens of India access to records of the Central Government and State Governments. The Act applies to all States and Union Territories of India, except the State of Jammu and Kashmir - which is covered under a State-level law.This law was passed by Parliament on 15 June 2005 and came fully into force on 13 October 2005 . Information disclosure in India was hitherto restricted by the Official Secrets Act 1923 and various other special laws, which the new RTI Act now relaxes.
- The Parliament of India (or Sansad) is the federal and supreme legislative body of India. It consists of the office of President of India and two houses, the lower house, known as the Lok Sabha and the upper house, known as the Rajya Sabha.. It is located in New Delhi at Sansad Bhavan on Sansad Marg.
- A federal government is the common government of a federation.
- federal state, is a type of sovereign state characterized by a union of partially self-governing states or regions united by a central (federal) government. In a federation, the self-governing status of the component states is typically constitutionally entrenched and may not be altered by a unilateral decision of the central government.
- A sovereign state, commonly simply referred to as a state, is a political association with effective internal and external sovereignty over a geographic area and population which is not dependent on, or subject to any other power or state.
- Sovereignty is the quality of having supreme, independent authority over a territory.
- The Age of Enlightenment (or simply the Enlightenment) is a term used to describe a time in Western philosophy and cultural life, centred upon the eighteenth century, in which reason was advocated as the primary source and legitimacy for authority.
- Western philosophy is the philosophical thought and work of the Western or Occidental world, as distinct from Eastern or Oriental philosophies and the varieties of indigenous philosophies.
- During the Cold War, a new definition emerged. The Earth was divided into three "worlds". The First World, analogous in this context to what was called the West, was composed of NATO members and other countries aligned with the United States. The Second World was the Eastern bloc in the Soviet sphere of influence, including the Soviet Union and Warsaw Pact countries. It included some Central European countries (like The German Democratic Republic, Czechoslovakia, Hungary and Poland) which had a Western type culture.The Third World consisted of countries unaligned with either, and important members included India and Yugoslavia; some include the People's Republic of China, though this is disputed,as the People's Republic of China was communist, had friendly relations—at certain times—with the Soviet bloc, and had a significant degree of importance in global geopolitics.
Sunday, November 29, 2009
DOSE (MISCELLANEOUS)
- The core sector accounts for 26.7 per cent of the Index of Industrial Production and ... The six core infrastructure industries -- crude oil, petroleum refinery products, ... petroleum refinery products, coal, electricity, cement and finished carbon steel.
- Expressing pressure as the height of a column of mercury stems from the mercury barometer, which was invented by the ltalian scientist EvangelistaTorricelli in 1643, and is still use today. A glass tube with a sealed end is filled with mercury and then up ended in a bowl of mercury.The mercury will sink in the tube until the weight of mercury in the tube is balanced by the pressure of the atmosphere acting on the surface of the bowl of mercury.
- In 1776, the first naval battle of the Revolutionary War was fought just off Grand View's riverbanks. George Washington and his army traversed the area many times during the war; their headquarters were in the nearby village of Tappan. During the 18th and 19th centuries, brown sandstone was quarried in the village, and many of the brownstones in New York City, including City Hall and Trinity Church, were built with that material.
- America's first president, George Washington, took this oath in New York City on April 30, 1789.
- Mahangar Telephone Nigam Ltd (MTNL), a full service telecoms provider and...generation communications services in India. MTNL, which was set up on April 1st, 1986...accounts.
- May 23, 2009 - Mahanagar Telephone Nigam Limited launched third generation (3G) mobile service in Mumbai. The 3G service would enable customers to make video calls, view LIVE TV channels on their mobiles, download data from internet at speeds upto 2 mbps and songs ...
- Telecom Regulatory Authority of India came into being with Justice SS Sodhi as its chairman. The other two members are BK Zutshi, as vice-chairperson and NS Ramachandran as member.(1999)
- J S Raju, the chief of National Literacy Mission Authority (NLMA)
- Responsibility for supervising the Indian telecommunications sector is divided between the. Telecommunications Regulatory Authority of India (TRAI) and the Telecom Commission.
- The construction of thE Jami Masjid (Friday Mosque), started in the in 1193 CE, when Aibak was the commander of Muhammad Ghori's garrison occupied Delhi.
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